A number of gentlemen called
upon Acting Mayor Beekman
yesterday for the purpose of
placing before him facts in
relation tot he bad condition of
the tenement houses in New York
City. Among those present were
Charles F. Mingate, who acted as
spokesman; James P. Archibald,
of D.A. 49 K. Of L.; Justus O.
Wood, president of the
Working-Women's Protective
Union; James Crotty, president
of the National Organization of
Journeymen Plumbers; Edward
Farrell, walking delegate of the
Jouneymen Plumbers' Union, and
Edward McCabe, of the same
organization: Rev. Charles B.
Spaer, of the Christian Union;
Professor David de Leon, of
Columbia College; H. Labouscher,
of the Law Committee of the
United Labor Party, and James
Galatin, counsel for the Board
of State Charities. Mr. Beekman
received the gentlemen in the
Mayor's private office, and he
devoted over two hours in
listening tot he testimony which
was presented.
In his opening address Mr.
Wingate told of the
investigations he had been
making during the past few weeks
and presented for the Mayor's
inspection several maps which he
had prepared showing the
location of the tenement houses
which were in a bad sanitary
condition.
He said in speaking about the
matter: "The tenement house
system has grown to be a great
evil in this city. Its
influences are destructive to
the health and morals of the
people and it assails the
sanctity of the home and family.
Three-fourths of the working
population of New York live in
tenement houses and it is
incumbent upon the authorities
to see that the laws are
properly enforced so that the
condition of these abodes will
be such that the health of the
people will be protected. There
is abundant legal authority to
prevent these places from being
overcrowded and the plumbing put
in good order. The Board of
Health has the power to enforce
the law, but they do not do it.
When complaints have been made
to them about different places,
for some reason, no attention
has been paid to them. During my
investigations my attention was
called to the block of tenements
commencing at 540 East Sixteenth
street. These buildings have had
the highest death rates of any
buildings in the city for years.
In the rear are a number of
buildings not over 21 feet from
the front houses, and in the
yard room are filthy closets,
the stench from which is
sickening. The drainage is poor,
there is not sufficient
ventilation, the cellars are
full of water and filth, and the
drainage pipes are broken and
out of order. On each floor
there are five and six
families."
Mr. Wingate read letters from
Rev. Dr. W.S. Rainsford, of St.
George's Church and Rev. J.O.
Huntington, of the Holy Cross
Mission, in relation to the
condition of these buildings.
Mr. Crotty stated that he and
several gentlemen visited the
houses on East Sixteenth street
yesterday, and examined the
sanitary arrangements. They
found that the places were
unsafe and in a terrible
condition.
Walking Delegate Farrell told of
his experiences in tenement
houses during the last five
year. He said that he had made
numberless complaints to the
Board of health, but few of them
had been investigated, and he
further remarked that not 20 per
cent. of the tenement houses in
the city were fit to live in.
The owners of the buildings were
never prosecuted if they
violated the law, and the
sanitary inspectors, whose duty
it was to see that the laws were
enforced, did not attend to
their duties properly. Among the
thirty-five inspectors there
wore only two practical
plumbers, the remaining
thirty-three being broken down
doctors and lawyers who knew
very little about drainage and
were kept in their positions
through political influence.
James Degnan of the Sewing
Machine Salesmen's Association
described the scenes he had
witnessed in the tenement houses
while he was attending to his
business and said:
"I wish to call the attention of
the authorities to the tenement
at 90 Mott street and 47
Elizabeth street, commonly known
as the big flat. This building
has in it hundreds of people who
are living in squalor and
poverty. The worst kind of
immorality and crime exists
here, and it is a general resort
for the most desperate of the
criminal classes. This building
should be torn down. Not far
away from here, at 45 Grand
street, is another pest hole,
and also at 196 South Fifth
avenue. All over the city
numberless cases similar to
those I have mentioned exist.
Last week I had occasion to go
into a tenement on East
Seventy-first street. On the top
floor I met a widow lady in
destitute circumstances. She
owed my firm a bill, and when I
asked her why she could not pay
she said her baby was dead. A
terrible stench pervaded the
whole place. She pointed tot he
place where the child was. It
was placed on a chair in the
center of the room and the body
was fast decomposing. She said
that it had died of measles, and
that this disease, as well as
scarlet fever, was raging among
the children in the house. The
reason of this was on account of
the bad sewerage and the filthy
condition of the building. Such
black spots on the face of the
city are a disgrace to humanity
and works injury to the whole
people."
A number of other gentlemen told
what they knew about the matter
and urged the Acting mayor to
take some steps to bring about a
reform and compel the Board of
health to do its duty.
In reply, Mr. Beekman thanked
the gentlemen for laying the
matter before the Mayor, and
said: "I have made a close study
of the condition of the tenement
houses in New York for a number
of years, and I am in sympathy
with your movement. Mayor Hewitt
has also given this subject a
great deal of thought, as well
as the work of the Board of
Health. The Commissioners of
Accounts have been engaged in
investigating this department,
ad will be ready in a few days
to hand their report to Mayor
Hewitt. I think that a number of
these buildings should be
removed. I would have laid out
in the thickly populated parts
of the city a number of parks,
that would be breathing spots
for the poor. I would also have
established free baths and
lecture halls, where amusements
could be furnished to the poor,
and public lectures could be
given which would help in
educating the masses and making
their condition better. The
Mayor will be glad to receive
the co-operation of citizens at
any time to help him to enforce
the laws and bring about reform.
Acting Mayor Beekman advised the
gentlemen to make out a list of
the tenement houses, together
with a number of complaints
about their condition, and he
would present them to Mayor
Hewitt, who would cause an
investigation to be made and
would see if a reform could not
be brought about.